National Flag

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Botswana had no distinctive national symbols of its own prior to independence. The flag of Botswana was raised for the first time on September 30, 1966, which is Botswana's Independence Day. And The national flag symbolically contrasted with the flag of neighbouring South Africa where the policies of apartheid were in effect.

Every color chosen on the flag has social, administrative and local significance. The light shade of blue color represents water a vital supply for agriculture to thrive, as the people of Botswana depend on farming. The water is obtained from rain, although Botswana experiences a frequent lack of rainfall due to its dry and arid climatic conditions influenced by the Kalahari Desert. The blue color also hints at the guiding principle depicted on Botswana's coat of arms. The coat of arms was called pula in Setswana which means "Let there be rain." Blue also represents life, which depends on water.

The black and white colors symbolize accord and collaboration amongst the people of diverse races and cultures living in Botswana. Secondly, black and white symbolize the stripes of a zebra, which is considered a symbol of natural abundance and is Botswana's national animal.

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South Africa was colonized by the English and Dutch in the seventeenth century. English domination of the Dutch descendants (known as Boers or Afrikaners) resulted in the Dutch establishing the new colonies of Orange Free State and Transvaal. The discovery of diamonds in these lands around 1900 resulted in an English invasion which sparked the Boer War. Following independence from England, an uneasy power-sharing between the two groups held sway until the 1940s, when the Afrikaner National Party was able to gain a strong majority. Strategists in the National Party invented apartheid as a means to cement their control over the economic and social system. Initially, the aim of the apartheid was to maintain white domination while extending racial separation. Starting in the '60s, a plan of ``Grand Apartheid'' was executed. Apartheid was created during the colonial period to practice that white people like the British and the Dutch were superior to black people.

Apartheid was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s. Apartheid was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on white supremacy, which encouraged state repression of Black African, Coloured, and Asian South Africans for the benefit of the nation's minority white population. The economic legacy and social effects of apartheid continue to the present day